Final answer:
Disulfiram (Antabuse) causing nausea and vomiting when alcohol is consumed is an example of aversion therapy, which is used to treat alcohol use disorder by creating a negative association with alcohol intake.
Step-by-step explanation:
A nurse informing a client that taking disulfiram (Antabuse) can cause nausea and vomiting if alcohol is consumed is an example of aversion therapy. This medication works by inhibiting the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase, which normally metabolizes acetaldehyde derived from ethanol into acetic acid. Consequently, acetaldehyde accumulates in the body after alcohol intake, resulting in unpleasant effects such as flushing, nausea, dizziness, and headaches. These effects serve to deter the individual from consuming alcohol due to the negative association that is formed.