Final answer:
Both sickle cell anemia and cystic fibrosis result from genetic mutations that affect protein function, leading to specific disease manifestations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Both sickle cell anemia and cystic fibrosis manifest their specific diseases due to genetic mutations that affect the function of certain proteins. Sickle cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the gene for hemoglobin, resulting in the formation of sickle-shaped red blood cells that can block blood vessels and cause various symptoms. Cystic fibrosis is caused by a mutation in the CFTR gene, leading to the production of a faulty protein that affects the movement of salt in and out of cells, resulting in the buildup of thick, sticky mucus in organs such as the lungs and intestines.