Final answer:
Carl Jung's belief in the collective unconscious, its relation to the personal unconscious, and the role of archetypes in his theory.
Step-by-step explanation:
Carl Jung, a Swiss psychiatrist and neo-Freudian theorist, described the concept of the collective unconscious. According to Jung, the collective unconscious is a universal version of the personal unconscious, containing mental patterns or memory traces common to all of us. The collective unconscious is a storehouse of shared cultural and ancestral memories, which Jung believed are represented by archetypes. Archetypes are universal symbols and themes found in various cultures, expressed through literature, art, and dreams. These archetypes reflect common human experiences and include figures such as the hero, the sage, and the trickster. Jung believed that integrating these unconscious archetypal aspects of the self is part of the self-realization process.