Final answer:
During pregnancy, there's a significant increase in weight primarily in the breasts and abdominal region, with changes in maternal blood volume, respiratory minute volume, and adaptations in digestive and urinary systems. Hormones like estrogen, progesterone, and hCG play crucial roles in pregnancy maintenance. There's also increased fat storage for breastfeeding and skin changes like stretch marks.
Step-by-step explanation:
Normal Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
During pregnancy, a woman's body undergoes numerous physiological changes to create a suitable environment for the developing fetus and to prepare for labor and delivery. Pregnancy weight gain is primarily in the breasts and abdominal region, with the growth of the fetus, enlargement of the uterus, amniotic fluid, and placenta being major contributors. Additionally, maternal blood volume and respiratory minute volume increase significantly to meet the heightened oxygen and nutrient needs.
The digestive and urinary systems also adjust during pregnancy, leading to common symptoms such as nausea, heartburn, and frequent urination. Hormones like estrogen, progesterone, and hCG are pivotal in maintaining pregnancy. Changes in the skin, such as stretch marks and an increase in melanin production, are also common.
During the second and third trimesters, fat storage accounts for only about 2.3 kg (approximately 5 lbs) as it acts as a reserve for the increased metabolic demand, especially for breastfeeding. These adaptations are vital for supporting the mother and fetus through the pregnancy journey and ensuring both are prepared for childbirth.