Final answer:
The initial amount of fluid given to a pediatric patient depends on factors such as weight, age, and medical condition. The formula for calculating the fluid requirement is 4-2-1, which takes into account the child's weight. The calculated fluid requirement is divided into hourly doses to be administered intravenously.
Step-by-step explanation:
The initial amount of fluid given to a pediatric patient depends on various factors including their weight, age, and medical condition. In general, the fluid is administered based on a formula called maintenance fluid therapy. For children, the formula is usually 4-2-1, which means 4 mL per kg for the first 10 kg of body weight, 2 mL per kg for the next 10 kg, and 1 mL per kg for every kg above 20 kg. This formula is used to calculate the total daily fluid requirement, which is then divided into hourly doses to be given through an intravenous (IV) line.