Final answer:
Treatment of chronic severe mitral regurgitation with LV dysfunction can involve medications, lifestyle changes, and possibly surgical interventions such as valve repair or coronary bypass surgery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The treatment of chronic severe mitral regurgitation with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction or dilation involves managing the inadequate flow of blood caused by the malfunctioning mitral valve, also termed mitral insufficiency. The severity of mitral regurgitation often determines the treatment approach, which may vary from monitoring and medications to surgical interventions, such as valve repair or replacement. Medications can include diuretics to reduce the volume of circulating blood and decrease the workload of the heart, as well as vasodilators that reduce the resistance the heart must pump against, thereby lowering blood pressure and potentially improving heart function.
For those with more severe mitral regurgitation or deterioration of the heart function, surgical options such as coronary bypass surgery or valve repair may be necessary. It is crucial to augment surgical procedures with lifestyle modifications, including a healthy diet, regular exercise, and adherence to a medication regimen tailored to manage blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and reduce the risk of clotting.