Final answer:
To address SVT and block AV conduction, medications like beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and potassium channel blockers are used. Beta blockers such as propranolol manage heart rate and vasoconstriction, while potassium channel blockers like amiodarone affect the cardiac action potential's repolarization phase.
Step-by-step explanation:
When discussing drugs to inhibit SVT induction and block AV conduction, we can refer to several types of medications that affect cardiac function. To inhibit supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), drugs like beta blockers and calcium channel blockers are commonly used. For instance, early beta blockers such as propranolol and pronethalol significantly transformed the treatment of patients with angina pectoris by revolutionizing cardiac care. Additionally, metoprolol and propranolol are used in cardiovascular diseases, including SVT, to block specific beta receptors which control heart rate and vasoconstriction.
Moreover, potassium channel blockers like amiodarone and procainamide are also utilized to treat cardiac dysrhythmias, including SVT, by interfering with the movement of potassium ions through voltage-gated K+ channels. This action specifically affects the repolarization phase of the action potential in cardiac cells, prolonging it and thus aiding in controlling abnormal heart rhythms.
Sympatholytic drugs, such as alpha and beta blockers, work by antagonizing the adrenergic receptors, thereby preventing the effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine that could lead to an increased heart rate and force of contraction which is often seen in SVT. These agents have a broad spectrum of effects where they can help in decreasing heart rate (negative chronotropic effect), reducing the strength of heart muscle contraction (negative inotropic effect), and aiding in the dilation of blood vessels.