Final answer:
For nonsurgical candidates with symptomatic chronic severe mitral regurgitation, treatments include lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes and exercise, and a medicine regimen to address blood pressure, cholesterol, and clotting. Additional heart failure medications may be prescribed, and specialized non-surgical procedures may be considered.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chronic severe mitral regurgitation is a condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, causing blood to flow backward into the heart. The treatment for nonsurgical candidates may involve comprehensive lifestyle changes and a medicine regimen. Lifestyle modifications include weight loss, quitting smoking, engaging in regular exercise, and adopting diets low in sodium and saturated fats.
In terms of medication, patients might be prescribed drugs to lower blood pressure, cholesterol, and lipid levels, and to reduce clotting. Treatments for associated cardiovascular conditions might include medications for high blood pressure and heart failure.
In cases where surgery is not an option but symptoms are severe, alternative treatments must be carefully considered to manage the condition effectively. These might include the use of diuretics, beta-blockers, and other heart failure medications. In certain circumstances, specialized procedures such as percutaneous mitral valve repair may be available. However, it's essential for patients to consult with their medical team to determine the most appropriate course of action based on their individual health profile and the severity of their mitral regurgitation.