Final answer:
Morning sickness typically occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy and often subsides by week 12. Non-pharmacological methods can help manage symptoms, but medical treatment may be necessary for severe cases.
Step-by-step explanation:
Morning sickness, which includes symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, commonly occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy. While it is called morning sickness, the discomfort may persist throughout the day and is sometimes triggered by an increased sensitivity to odors. The hormonal changes in the body, with elevated levels of estrogen, progesterone, and hCG, along with decreased intestinal peristalsis, are thought to be responsible for these symptoms. Typically, morning sickness subsides by about week 12 of pregnancy.
Treatment options for morning sickness vary, but many non-pharmacological approaches can help alleviate the symptoms. These include eating small, frequent meals, avoiding triggers such as strong odors, staying hydrated, and getting plenty of rest. Some women may find relief from ginger or vitamin B6 supplements. If symptoms are severe or persistent, medical treatment may be necessary and in some cases, antiemetic medications may be prescribed under the care of a healthcare provider. However, always consult a healthcare professional before starting any treatment during pregnancy.