Final answer:
Tax laws increasing or decreasing taxation are deeply connected with "social and economic goals", and changes in tax policies can be influenced by various theories like Arthur Laffer's, which suggests that lower taxes can increase revenue under certain conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Laws increasing or decreasing taxation would be best associated with the field of tax laws and revisions. Historically and currently, tax issues continue to be a topic of significant debate. The complexities arise as politicians and government officials adapt tax laws to align with their social and economic goals. For instance, proposals such as the adoption of value-added taxes or a flat tax on individual income aim to simplify tax structures, while the implementation of more progressive taxation seeks to redistribute the tax burden more towards the wealthy.
Economist Arthur Laffer's theory implies that lower tax rates can sometimes lead to increased tax revenue by encouraging economic activity and investment, suggesting a non-linear relationship between tax rates and tax revenues. This phenomenon is sometimes presented in the context of the Laffer Curve. Additionally, historical figures such as 'Battling Bob' La Follette advocated for increasing taxes on monopolistic entities like railroads while pushing for social reforms, demonstrating the multifaceted nature of tax legislation in addressing economic and social issues.