Final answer:
The critical components of chest compressions in child CPR are a rate of at least 100 compressions per minute, a compression depth of approximately 5 cm (2 inches), and correct hand placement on the lower half of the sternum.
Step-by-step explanation:
The critical components of chest compressions for children during CPR include the rate, depth, and hand placement. The recommended compression rate is at least 100 compressions per minute. The compression depth should be at least one third the depth of the chest, approximately 5 cm (2 inches). Proper hand placement is crucial, and the heel of one hand should be positioned on the lower half of the sternum, avoiding the xiphoid process to minimize the risk of injury.
It is essential for CPR to be performed by someone who is trained, as incorrect technique can cause severe injuries such as broken ribs or damage to internal organs. CPR training is available through many organizations, including the American Red Cross and hospitals. Performing high-quality chest compressions is emphasized over artificial respiration for untrained bystanders, following the 'CAB' (Circulation, Airway, Breathing) sequence.