Final answer:
The most common tachycardia related to physiological demand occurs in situations of increased oxygen need, such as exercise or stress. Persistent tachycardia at rest may indicate an underlying medical condition. Treatment varies based on the cause and may include medication or surgical interventions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most common type of tachycardia is often related to physiologic demand. This means it typically occurs when the body needs more oxygen, like during exercise or stress. However, tachycardia in a resting patient is not normal. It may be seen in pregnant individuals or in those experiencing extreme stress, potentially caused by stimulation from the limbic system or disorders of the autonomic nervous system.
Symptoms of tachycardia include dizziness, shortness of breath, lightheadedness, rapid pulse, heart palpitations, chest pain, or fainting. It is important to distinguish between normal heart rate elevations due to temporary increased demand and persistent tachycardia that could be indicative of an underlying condition.
Resting heart rates above 100 beats per minute (bpm) are considered tachycardic, although there is variation among individuals. For children, a resting heart rate above 100 bpm is typical and not labeled as tachycardia. Causes for the condition range from benign to more serious, including fever, anemia, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, cardiomyopathies, valve disorders, and exposure to radiation. Normal heart rates should be measured after recovery from exercise, and treatment for tachycardia depends heavily on the underlying cause. Approaches may include medications, surgeries, or implantable devices like cardioverter defibrillators. An electrocardiogram (ECG) or Holter monitor can aid in diagnosing arrhythmias such as tachycardia.