Final answer:
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is the first-line diagnostic test for evaluating syncope when arrhythmia is suspected, to identify any abnormal heart rhythms that may be causing the symptoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
Diagnostic Test for Suspected Arrhythmia in Syncope
The initial diagnostic test for syncope when an arrhythmia is suspected is an electrocardiogram (ECG). An ECG is a simple yet effective tool to assess the heart's electrical activity and identify any abnormal rhythms. Various types of arrhythmias, such as tachycardias and bradyarrhythmias, can cause syncope, and the ECG can help distinguish between these conditions. For continuous monitoring, a Holter monitor might be used, especially if the arrhythmias are transient and not captured during a standard ECG. Further diagnostic tests, such as echocardiograms or cardiac stress tests, may be ordered based on the findings from the initial ECG.
Arrhythmias include issues like atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and bradycardia, impacting the heart's ability to effectively pump blood. This can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, shortness of breath, chest pain, or syncope. The goal of treatment is to restore a normal heart rhythm and prevent complications such as stroke or heart failure, which may involve medication, cardioversion, defibrillation, or invasive procedures like ablation.