Final answer:
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a type of restrictive cardiomyopathy that shows restriction and increased wall thickness due to the pathological enlargement of the heart, often without a clear cause.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of restrictive cardiomyopathy that may show both restriction and increased wall thickness is known as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This condition is characterized by a pathological enlargement of the heart, typically without a known cause. The myocardium, which is the thickest layer of the heart composed of cardiac muscle cells, becomes abnormally thickened in this disorder, reducing the heart's ability to pump blood efficiently. In some cases, specific mutations, such as those occurring in PTPN11, can lead to hypertrophic changes especially in disorders like Noonan Syndrome with Multiple Lentigines (NSML). Symptoms may include shortness of breath, chest pain, or arrhythmias, and diagnosis can involve echocardiography or MRI among other tests.