Final Answer:
Aldosterone antagonists (spironolactone or eplerenone) are typically given in NYHA (New York Heart Association) class II-IV heart failure to improve outcomes and manage symptoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
In heart failure management, NYHA classifies the severity of symptoms. Classes II-IV represent progressively worsening conditions. Aldosterone antagonists, such as spironolactone or eplerenone, are commonly prescribed in NYHA class II-IV heart failure. These medications block the effects of aldosterone, a hormone that can contribute to fluid retention and worsen heart failure symptoms.
By inhibiting aldosterone, these drugs help reduce fluid buildup and improve cardiac function. They are often used as adjunct therapy with other heart failure medications. However, it's crucial to monitor potassium levels closely while using aldosterone antagonists, as they can lead to hyperkalemia, especially in patients with compromised kidney function.