Final answer:
Diabetes with ketoacidosis is a serious condition caused by high levels of sugar and ketones in the blood due to insufficient insulin, leading to the leakage of ketones in the urine and necessitating medical treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Diabetes with ketoacidosis is characterized by hyperglycemia combined with a severe lack of insulin, leading to the breakdown of body fats for energy and the excessive production of ketone bodies. This condition results in the presence of ketones in the urine, known as ketonuria, and acidification of the blood, known as ketoacidosis. The lack of insulin means that glucose cannot effectively enter cells and thus remains in the bloodstream at high concentrations. The kidneys respond to this imbalance by excreting ketone bodies and glucose in the urine, leading to polyuria (frequent urination) and weight loss. To treat and manage this condition, insulin therapy, low carbohydrate diets, or other medications that control diabetes can be utilized.