Final answer:
Literary merit refers to the quality and artistic value of literature, characterized by depth of theme, complexity of characters, and lasting impact. Works that are considered to have literary merit stand the test of time and provoke thought, rather than serving immediate practical purposes like most popular magazines or textbooks.
Step-by-step explanation:
Literary merit refers to the quality and significance of a work of literature and is often debated among scholars and critics. Works with literary merit are considered to be of high artistic quality; they resonate with readers, illuminate the human condition, and stand the test of time. Characteristics often attributed to literature of high literary merit include complex characters, thematic depth, emotional resonance, and often the use of sophisticated literary devices like metaphor and symbolism.
Popular magazines and a calculus textbook are generally seen as having less literary merit because they serve more practical, immediate purposes rather than seeking to make a lasting artistic impression.
Shakespeare's works like Hamlet, on the other hand, have survived for hundreds of years and are laden with intricate literary devices and universal themes such as love, death, and vengeance, reflecting deep aspects of the human experience.
It is important to recognize that the definition of literature and what constitutes literary merit can evolve. Aspects like societal values, cultural significance, the author's skill in conveying messages, political and social commentary, representation of diverse perspectives, and inclusion in the literary canon can all influence the perceived merit of a work.