Final answer:
According to the psychoanalytic perspective, the superego reflects internalized cultural rules and functions like a conscience, guiding behavior, and resulting in feelings of pride or guilt.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the psychoanalytic perspective, the superego reflects the internalization of cultural rules and operates like a conscience. The superego is developed through interaction with others, encompassing the learned social rules for what is considered right and wrong. It acts as our moral compass, guiding our behavior according to the ideal standards set by society and resulting in feelings of pride when we adhere to these standards or feelings of guilt when we do not.
Furthermore, the superego strives for perfection and judges our behavior, which can lead to the mentioned emotions. It exists in contrast to the pleasure-seeking id that operates on the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification of its desires and impulses. The ego, the rational part of our personality that is visible to others, operates on the reality principle and works to balance the demands of both the id and superego while considering the practicalities of the real world.