Final answer:
Esophageal clearance is the process of moving food from the esophagus to the stomach. It involves the contraction and relaxation of muscles, innervated by the medulla oblongata. Peristalsis propels the food bolus through the esophagus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The esophageal clearance is a process that involves the movement of food from the esophagus to the stomach. This process is facilitated by the contraction and relaxation of muscles, as well as innervation.
The muscles responsible for esophageal clearance are the circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the esophageal wall. The circular muscle layer contracts to pinch the esophageal wall and force the food bolus forward, while the longitudinal muscle layer contracts to shorten the area and push out its walls to receive the bolus.
The innervation of the muscles involved in esophageal clearance is controlled by the medulla oblongata, a part of the brainstem. The medulla oblongata coordinates the complex actions of the neuromuscular system during swallowing.
The action of esophageal clearance is the movement of food through the esophagus toward the stomach. This is achieved by peristalsis, which is a series of rhythmic contractions of the esophageal muscles. Peristalsis propels the bolus of food through the esophagus and toward the stomach.