Final answer:
The afferent arteriole is a branch of the renal artery that supplies blood to each nephron in the kidney. It divides into capillaries called the glomerulus, where filtration of waste products occurs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The afferent arteriole is a branch of the renal artery that supplies blood to each nephron in the kidney. It divides into capillaries called the glomerulus, where filtration of waste products occurs. After leaving the glomerulus, the blood continues through the efferent arteriole and then enters the peritubular capillary network, which surrounds the renal tubule and plays a role in reabsorption and secretion.