Final answer:
Obstructive shock occurs when there is physical obstruction to blood flow in or out of the heart, caused by various factors such as air, fluid, blood clots, tension pneumothorax, or congenital defects. Treatment involves addressing the underlying cause.
Step-by-step explanation:
Obstructive shock occurs when there is a physical obstruction to blood flow in or out of the heart. This can be caused by various factors such as air, fluid, blood clots, tension pneumothorax, or congenital defects.
For example, a pulmonary embolism, which is a blood clot that blocks the pulmonary vessels, can lead to obstructive shock. Other causes include valve disorders, excess fluid in the pericardial cavity (cardiac tamponade), and the presence of excessive air in the thoracic cavity (pneumothorax).
Obstructive shock should be treated by addressing the underlying cause, such as administering anticoagulants for blood clots or performing surgery to correct congenital defects.