Final answer:
During an investigative stop, police can detain a person if they have reasonable suspicion of criminal activity. The individual's Fourth and Fifth Amendment rights must be respected, including receiving Miranda warnings before custodial interrogation to avoid self-incrimination.
Step-by-step explanation:
During an investigative stop, sometimes known as a Terry stop, police may detain a person if they have reasonable suspicion that the person has committed or is about to commit a crime. This means that an individual can be moved and briefly detained against their will.
However, any actions taken by the police must align with the protections provided by the Fourth Amendment, which guards against unreasonable searches and seizures. Furthermore, when an individual is taken into custody for interrogation, they have certain rights under the Fifth Amendment.
The landmark case of Miranda v. Arizona established that suspects must be informed of their right to counsel and their right to remain silent to protect against self-incrimination. Failure to provide these Miranda warnings before custodial interrogation would render any statements made ineligible as evidence, as it would violate the Fifth Amendment.