Final answer:
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus, causing symptoms like heartburn. The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is responsible for keeping the stomach contents from entering the esophagus, but when it weakens, acid reflux can occur. Treatment for GERD involves lifestyle changes, medication, and sometimes surgery.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a condition where the contents of the stomach, including acid, flow back up into the esophagus. It can cause symptoms such as heartburn, chest pain, and difficulty swallowing.
The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is a ring-like muscle that normally keeps the stomach contents from entering the esophagus. When the LES relaxes or weakens, it allows the stomach acid to reflux into the esophagus. Factors such as diet, lifestyle, and certain medical conditions can contribute to the development of GERD.
Treatment for GERD usually involves lifestyle changes, such as avoiding trigger foods, losing weight if needed, and raising the head of the bed. Medications and in some cases, surgery, may also be recommended to manage the symptoms and complications of GERD.