Final answer:
Obstructive shock caused by cardiac tamponade or tension pneumothorax occurs when a blockage within the vascular system impairs heart function and venous return, necessitating treatments such as fluid administration, removal of excess fluid or air, and potentially surgery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of shock caused by cardiac tamponade or tension pneumothorax where ventricular failure is seen is known as obstructive shock. This condition is characterized by a significant blockage within the vascular system. Cardiac tamponade occurs when excess fluid in the pericardial cavity compresses the heart and obstructs venous return, reducing the heart's ability to fill and subsequently decreasing cardiac output. Similarly, tension pneumothorax involves the accumulation of air in the thoracic cavity which can also impair venous return, pulmonary function, and oxygen delivery to tissues, leading to obstructive shock. Treatment strategies may include administering IV fluids, anticoagulants, removing fluid or air from the respective cavities, and possibly surgery.