Final answer:
Bradycardia is a condition where the resting heart rate drops below 60 bpm and can lead to cardiopulmonary compromise. It can be caused by various factors, both inherent and external. Treatment involves identifying the underlying cause and may require the use of a pacemaker or supplemental oxygen. In cases of cardiac arrest, immediate intervention with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is necessary.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bradycardia is a condition in which the resting heart rate drops below 60 beats per minute (bpm). If bradycardia and cardiopulmonary compromise persist, it can indicate that the heart is not providing sufficient oxygenated blood to the tissues. This can be caused by abnormalities in the SA or AV node, ischemia to the heart muscle, diseases of the heart vessels or valves, metabolic disorders, endocrine system pathologies, electrolyte imbalances, neurological disorders, autoimmune pathologies, over-prescription of beta blocker drugs, recreational drug use, or prolonged bed rest.
Treatment for bradycardia depends on identifying the underlying cause and may involve the use of a pacemaker or supplemental oxygen. In cases where there is a cardiac arrest, immediate intervention in the form of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is necessary. CPR involves manually compressing the blood within the heart by applying pressure on the sternum, which helps maintain blood flow to vital organs. Additionally, some emergency department physicians use controlled hypothermia to reduce heart damage in patients who have suffered a cardiac arrest.