Final answer:
If a grand jury witness refuses to testify despite their grand jury immunity, they may face penalties such as fines or contempt of court charges. It can also hinder the progress of the grand jury investigation.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a grand jury witness refuses to testify despite their grand jury immunity, the consequences can vary depending on the jurisdiction. In some cases, the witness may face penalties such as fines or contempt of court charges. Additionally, their refusal to testify could hinder the progress of the grand jury investigation.
For example, in the United States, if a witness receives immunity and still refuses to testify, they can be held in contempt of court. This can result in fines or even imprisonment. However, it's important to note that the specific consequences can differ from case to case and depend on the laws of the jurisdiction.
Overall, it is generally expected that individuals who receive grand jury immunity cooperate and testify truthfully. Failure to do so can have legal ramifications.