Final answer:
The major side effects of first-generation antipsychotic drugs include extrapyramidal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, tardive dyskinesia, orthostatic hypotension, and anticholinergic effects.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major side effects of first-generation antipsychotic drugs include:
- Extrapyramidal symptoms: These are movement disorders such as Parkinsonism, dystonia, and akathisia.
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: This is a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by high fever, muscle rigidity, and autonomic dysfunction.
- Tardive dyskinesia: This is a late-onset movement disorder characterized by repetitive and involuntary movements of the face, tongue, and limbs.
- Orthostatic hypotension: This is a drop in blood pressure that occurs when standing up.
- Anticholinergic effects: These include dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention.