Final answer:
Falls are the leading cause of both fatal and non-fatal injuries in individuals aged 65 and over, primarily due to complications such as head injuries and fractures from osteoporosis. Creating safer environments and managing chronic health issues in the elderly are critical in reducing these risks.
Step-by-step explanation:
The leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries in individuals aged 65 and over is falls. Falls can lead to serious complications, such as head and traumatic brain injuries, which are among the major causes of immediate death and disability in the elderly population. These incidents are often exacerbated by other health issues prevalent in the senior population such as osteoporosis, which makes bones more fragile and prone to fractures, especially hip fractures that often require immediate surgery and can result in further complications that are sometimes fatal.
Other factors that contribute to the high incidence of falls among the elderly include diminished balance and vision problems. It's crucial to create safer living environments by removing potential hazards, thereby reducing the likelihood of falls and subsequent injuries. Beyond falls, older individuals also face increased risks of health issues like cardiovascular disease, arthritis, and hypertension, which can further complicate recovery from injuries.