Final answer:
To confirm an ET tube's placement, direct observation can be used along with advanced techniques like endoscopic ultrasound and ERCP, which provide visual confirmation through the images created by sound waves or X-ray.
Step-by-step explanation:
Confirming the correct placement of an Endotracheal (ET) tube is crucial in medical procedures to ensure proper ventilation. Direct observation is one method where the medical professional physically verifies the tube's position. However, more advanced techniques such as Endoscopic ultrasound and Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are also utilized.
An endoscopic ultrasound uses a probe with a lighted scope to create images using sound waves, which can confirm tube placement as well as diagnose other conditions. ERCP involves a tube that is inserted down the throat to the stomach and into the small intestine, where dye is used to create X-ray images that help in confirmation.