Final answer:
Treatment options for itching/hives reaction range from antihistamines and anti-inflammatory drugs for mild reactions to epinephrine injections for severe reactions. Epinephrine can also be used to prevent biphasic or protracted reactions, although its onset can take several hours. Cortisone is commonly used to treat delayed hypersensitivity reactions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The treatment for itching/hives reaction largely depends on the cause and severity of the reaction.
For mild reactions, antihistamines and other anti-inflammatory drugs can be used to relieve symptoms.
These medications work by blocking the effects of histamine, a compound released by the immune system that causes itching and hives.
For more severe reactions, such as anaphylaxis, epinephrine injections are used to counteract the drop in blood pressure and stop the reaction.
Prevention of biphasic or protracted reactions can be achieved by administering epinephrine at the onset of the initial reaction.
Although the onset of epinephrine can take several hours, it is important for patients to seek immediate medical attention after administering the shot.
In cases of delayed hypersensitivity reactions, cortisone is often used to inhibit cytokine production and reduce inflammation.
It is important to note that treatment of allergic reactions may vary depending on the individual and should be determined by a healthcare professional.