Final Answer:
Contraindications of lumpectomy include:
Extensive tumor size or multifocality that makes lumpectomy technically challenging.
Inability to achieve clear margins while preserving a cosmetically acceptable breast shape.
Contraindications to radiation therapy, as lumpectomy is often followed by radiation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Lumpectomy, also known as breast-conserving surgery, may not be suitable in certain situations. Contraindications for lumpectomy include:
Extensive Tumor Size or Multifocality: Lumpectomy may not be feasible if the tumor is too large or if there are multiple tumor foci. In such cases, a mastectomy or modified radical mastectomy might be considered.
Inability to Achieve Clear Margins: It is crucial to achieve clear surgical margins to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence. If obtaining clear margins while preserving a cosmetically acceptable breast shape is not possible, alternative surgical options like mastectomy might be recommended.
Contraindications to Radiation Therapy: Lumpectomy is typically followed by radiation therapy to reduce the risk of local recurrence. Contraindications to radiation, such as certain medical conditions, may impact the suitability of lumpectomy as a treatment option.