Final answer:
Needle decompression converts a tension pneumothorax to a simple pneumothorax by inserting a needle into the second intercostal space at the midclavicular line, which relieves the pressure and re-inflates the lung.
Step-by-step explanation:
A needle decompression converts a tension pneumothorax to a simple pneumothorax. The correct location for needle decompression is typically the second intercostal space at the midclavicular line on the side of the chest where the tension pneumothorax is present. The process involves inserting a large-bore needle to allow trapped air to escape, relieving the pressure off of the lungs and chest cavity. A tension pneumothorax occurs when air is trapped in the pleural cavity under positive pressure, displacing lung tissue and compromising respiratory function. Prompt decompression is essential to prevent further lung collapse and respiratory distress, potentially saving the patient's life.