Final answer:
The two most common treatments for hyponatremia are intravenous administration of NaCl solution and a mix of isotonic saline with Na lactate. Less common treatments address underlying conditions or use hypertonic saline and medications.
Step-by-step explanation:
Common Treatments for Hyponatremia
The two most common treatments for hyponatremia involve the correction of dehydration. First, an ordinary NaCl solution, which is a sodium chloride solution, may be given parenterally, which means it is administered through means other than the digestive tract, typically intravenous infusion. This helps repair the losses of sodium and fluid. Secondly, if the cause involves excretion of fluid high in sodium and bicarbonate (HCO3), a mixture of 2/3 isotonic saline and 1/3 Na lactate can be administered intravenously to balance the electrolytes.
Less Common Treatment Options
Less common treatments might include managing the underlying cause, such as adjusting medication if diuretics are the cause, tackling conditions like congestive heart failure or kidney problems, or carefully controlling water intake. In severe cases, hypertonic saline solution or medications to manage symptoms might be used.