Final answer:
The stem 'emesis' refers to the medical term for 'vomiting', which is the forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth and is typically a response to various irritants in the digestive tract controlled by the medulla.
Step-by-step explanation:
The stem 'emesis' in the word hyperemesis means vomiting. It is a medical term that refers to the forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth. This process can be triggered by various irritants such as viruses, bacteria, strong emotions, disturbing sights, or food poisoning. The act of vomiting is controlled by the medulla, which is a part of the brain that regulates involuntary bodily functions, including emesis.
When a person has the flu, they may experience emesis. The flu virus can irritate the digestive tract, leading to strong contractions of the stomach muscles, and resulting in vomiting. Clinical reports, like the ones from a hospital in western Florida with increased acute gastroenteritis-like symptoms, indicate that patients often suffer from bouts of emesis accompanied by diarrhea, abdominal pain, and severe dehydration. These symptoms together are indicative of the body's response to an irritant affecting the digestive system.