Final answer:
In addition to FLAPS, a pilot must have proper aircraft lighting, night flight training, and currency. Other requirements include a preflight inspection, the right charts and navigation aids, knowledge of avionics, and essential equipment like flashlights. Pilots should also be rested and aware of night flying challenges.
Step-by-step explanation:
When flying at night in addition to FLAPS, a pilot must have several critical things. First and foremost, the aircraft must possess the proper lighting, which includes position lights (red on left wing, green on right wing, and white on the tail), anti-collision lights (beacon and strobe lights), and if the airplane is equipped, logo lights to illuminate the tail. Cockpit lighting is also necessary for the pilot to see instruments and controls. Beyond lighting, pilots must have completed night flight training and be current with night flying experience, as required by aviation regulations.
Furthermore, the pilot should carry out a thorough preflight inspection and be equipped with the appropriate charts and navigational aids for night flight. The use of instruments and reliance on instrument flight rules (IFR) may be increased at night, so an understanding and operational knowledge of the airplane's avionics are vital. Other equipment such as a flashlight for external inspections and as a backup for cockpit lighting, spare batteries, and suitable attire for cooler temperatures that are common at night should not be overlooked.
Lastly, the pilot should be well-rested and aware of the impacts of reduced visibility and disorientation that can occur when flying at night. The ability to recognize and mitigate the risks of night flight through proper preparation and adherence to safety procedures is critical for a safe flight.