Final answer:
The therapeutic range for lithium is typically 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L, with toxic effects likely above 1.5 mEq/L. Regular blood level monitoring is crucial to prevent toxicity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The therapeutic range for lithium, which is commonly used to treat bipolar disorder, typically lies between 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L (milliequivalents per liter). Blood levels below this range may not be effective, while levels above can lead to toxic effects. Lithium toxicity tends to occur at levels exceeding 1.5 mEq/L, though symptoms may be observed at lower concentrations in some individuals.
Early signs of lithium toxicity include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and tremors. As levels increase, more severe symptoms such as confusion, delirium, seizures, and even coma can occur. Due to its narrow therapeutic window, it is crucial for patients on lithium therapy to have their blood levels monitored regularly to ensure they remain within the safe and effective range.