Final answer:
Disulfiram's effects may persist for up to two weeks after stopping the medication, as it inhibits the enzyme responsible for metabolizing acetaldehyde, leading to unpleasant effects when alcohol is consumed.
Step-by-step explanation:
Disulfiram's effects can last a considerably long time after a patient has stopped taking the medication. Disulfiram works by inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase, an enzyme responsible for metabolizing acetaldehyde, a by-product of alcohol (ethanol) metabolism. By impeding this process, disulfiram causes an accumulation of acetaldehyde when alcohol is consumed, leading to unpleasant effects such as flushing, nausea, dizziness, sweating, headache, and low blood pressure.
After discontinuing disulfiram, the body may need time to reestablish normal enzyme function and clear the medication. Although the duration may vary between individuals, the enzyme inhibition caused by disulfiram can persist for up to two weeks. It is crucial for patients to be aware that the adverse reactions to alcohol may continue for this period and to avoid alcohol consumption to prevent the unpleasant effects of acetaldehyde.