Final answer:
During cellular respiration, the cell uses the charge differences that build up across the inner mitochondria membrane to generate ATP through chemiosmosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The charge differences that build up across the inner mitochondria membrane during cellular respiration are used by the cell to generate ATP through a process called chemiosmosis. In this process, the electron transport chain pumps hydrogen ions (protons) across the inner membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient. The flow of hydrogen ions back into the matrix through ATP synthase channels allows the capture of their energy to convert ADP to ATP. This way, the cell utilizes the charge differences to produce the energy-rich molecule ATP.