Final answer:
Intervertebral disc herniation is the term that describes disc space narrowing, a decrease in the size of the spinal canal, and a decrease in the size of the spinal foramina. It can cause compression of the spinal cord or spinal nerves, resulting in pain and/or muscle weakness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that describes disc space narrowing, a decrease in the size of the spinal canal, and a decrease in the size of the spinal foramina is intervertebral disc herniation.
Intervertebral disc herniation is a condition where the gel-like center of the intervertebral disc, called the nucleus pulposus, protrudes through the fibrous outer layer, called the anulus fibrosus.
This can cause compression of the spinal cord or spinal nerves, resulting in pain and/or muscle weakness.