Final answer:
The joint between adjacent vertebrae that includes an intervertebral disc is classified as a plane joint called a zygapophysial joint or facet joint, carrying approximately 20% of the load carried by apophyseal (facet) joints.
Step-by-step explanation:
The joint between adjacent vertebrae that includes an intervertebral disc is classified as a plane joint called the zygapophysial joint or facet joint. The facet joints are located between the superior and inferior articular processes of the vertebrae and allow for limited motions between the vertebrae. These joints are responsible for carrying approximately 20% of the load carried by the apophyseal (facet) joints, which are important for maintaining the stability and mobility of the vertebral column.