Final answer:
Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening. It usually occurs within the first 20 to 30 minutes following exposure to an allergen. Epinephrine is used as an emergency treatment to counteract the effects of anaphylaxis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening if left untreated. When a person is exposed to an allergen, such as certain foods, medications, or insect stings, their immune system can overreact and release chemicals like histamines which cause the symptoms of anaphylaxis. In most cases, if anaphylaxis occurs, it typically happens within the first 20 to 30 minutes following exposure.
During an anaphylactic reaction, a drop in blood pressure can lead to shock and bronchial smooth muscle contractions, making it difficult to breathe. To counteract these effects, epinephrine is used as an emergency treatment. Epinephrine raises blood pressure, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, and helps to control the immune reaction until medical care can be provided.
It is crucial for individuals with known severe allergies to carry automatic epinephrine injectors, such as EpiPen, at all times. These injectors allow them to self-administer epinephrine in case of an anaphylactic response when away from immediate medical care.