Question

In contrast to hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia:

1) is rapidly reversible if oral glucose is given.
2) commonly results in excess water retention.
3) can only be corrected in the hospital setting.
4) is a rapidly developing metabolic disturbance.

Answer 1

Hyperglycemia is a chronic condition often associated with diabetes mellitus that develops gradually and requires ongoing management rather than rapid reversal. It can lead to dehydration rather than water retention and can be managed both in and out of a hospital setting.

Step-by-step explanation:

In contrast to hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, which is characterized by high levels of blood glucose, is often a chronic condition that can lead to various health complications if not managed properly. Whereas hypoglycemia can be resolved quickly with the intake of oral glucose, hyperglycemia requires more comprehensive management, which may include lifestyle changes, oral medications, and sometimes insulin therapy. It's a misconception that hyperglycemia can only be corrected in a hospital setting; many people with diabetes manage their blood glucose levels on a daily basis at home. While hypoglycemia can develop rapidly, hyperglycemia tends to develop more slowly over time unless in instances of diabetic ketoacidosis, which is a medical emergency.

Diabetes mellitus is a condition that leads to persistent hyperglycemia and may cause an overproduction of ketone bodies and ketoacidosis if glucose cannot be utilized effectively by the cells. Additionally, hyperglycemia can result in dehydration, as high blood glucose levels can prevent the kidneys from reabsorbing water efficiently, leading to excess water being eliminated from the body, contrary to the notion of excess water retention.