Final answer:
An appropriate nursing diagnosis for hypocalcemia, where serum calcium levels are below 8.5 mg/dL, may include risks related to ineffective tissue perfusion, injury, and seizures, all related to decreased calcium levels. Treatment involves identifying the underlying cause and managing symptoms with calcium supplementation and close monitoring.
Step-by-step explanation:
Appropriate Nursing Diagnosis for Hypocalcemia
When a client's serum calcium levels are below the normal range of approximately 10 mg/dL, specifically under 8.5 mg/dL as stated in the scenario, the condition is referred to as hypocalcemia. This condition can lead to serious complications impacting blood coagulation, muscle contraction, nerve functioning, and bone health. Considering the clinical presentation and potential risks associated with hypocalcemia, an appropriate nursing diagnosis could include 'Risk for Ineffective Cardiac, Respiratory, Neuromuscular, or Cerebral Tissue Perfusion related to decreased blood calcium levels.' Other potential nursing diagnoses may focus on potential complications such as 'Risk for Injury' due to brittle bones and 'Risk for Seizures' owing to altered nerve functioning.
Hypocalcemia might be accompanied by symptoms such as muscle spasms, cramps, and twitching, and in severe cases, it may result in convulsions or cardiac dysrhythmias. The treatment and management of hypocalcemia involve identifying and addressing the underlying cause, such as parathyroid hormone (PTH) deficiency or hypoparathyroidism, and administering calcium supplementation. Nursing interventions will also focus on monitoring vital signs, calcium levels, and signs of neuromuscular or cardiovascular compromise.