Final answer:
A maternal infection like herpes simplex or HIV is a contraindication for using a scalp electrode due to the risk of transmitting the infection to the baby through scalp abrasions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition that is a contraindication for the use of a scalp electrode for internal fetal monitoring during labor is an infection transmitted from the mother to the fetus, such as herpes simplex virus or HIV. Using a scalp electrode could exacerbate the transmission of the infection to the baby due to the risk of creating tiny abrasions on the baby's scalp. Other conditions that might contraindicate the use of a scalp electrode include preterm labor when the fetus's scalp is more vulnerable, bleeding disorders, or when the amniotic membranes haven't ruptured.