Final answer:
The true statement about hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is that it occurs when an Rh-negative mother produces antibodies against the red cell antigens of her Rh-positive fetus. This can lead to anemia or severe damage in the child, which is preventable by administering Rho(D) immune globulin to the mother.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the options provided, the true statement regarding hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is: 'A condition when a mother makes an antibody to red cell antigens from the fetus.' HDN is a type II hypersensitivity reaction that occurs when an Rh-negative mother produces IgG antibodies against Rh-positive red blood cells of her fetus. This typically occurs after the Rh-negative mother has been sensitized during a previous pregnancy with an Rh-positive fetus. The IgG antibodies are capable of crossing the placenta during subsequent pregnancies and can attack the red blood cells of the Rh-positive fetus, leading to anemia or more severe consequences.
To prevent HDN, Rh-negative mothers can be administered Rho(D) immune globulin, which helps prevent the formation of anti-Rh antibodies. This treatment is given during the 28th week of pregnancy and within 72 hours after delivery, and in cases of potential fetal blood exposure. This intervention helps ensure the well-being of both the current and future pregnancies by inhibiting the mother's immune response to fetal Rh-positive red blood cells.