Final answer:
The term representing the dose predicted to produce a toxic effect in 50% of a population is TD 50. The LD 50 is the dose that would be lethal to 50% of the test animals, while the ED 50 refers to the dose causing a significant response in 50% of the population. These measures are essential for assessing the safety and toxicity of chemicals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The dose that would be predicted to produce a toxic effect in 50% of a population is represented by the term TD 50. However, if we're referring to the dose that kills half (50%) of the animals tested, it is called the LD 50, which stands for "lethal dose, 50%". The LD 50 is a widely used standard measure for expressing and comparing the toxicity of chemicals. The lower the LD 50 value, the more toxic the chemical is considered to be. It is important to note that these measures are often determined using animal models, with data such as the type of animal and the means of administration factoring into the calculation of these values.
An effective dose-50% (ED 50), on the other hand, refers to the dose that causes a significant therapeutic response in 50% of the population. Lastly, the ID 50 refers to the median infectious dose that would cause an active infection in 50% of inoculated animals. Determinations of LD 50, ED 50, and ID 50 are crucial in pharmacology and toxicology to assess the safety and efficacy of substances.