Question

The "necessary and proper" clause in Article I, Sec. 8 of the U.S. Constitution refers to

a. the enumerated powers of Congress
b. the implied powers of Congress
c. the idea that Congress has the power to do that which is necessary and proper to carry out its
enumerated powers
d. the necessary and proper power of the Supreme Court to rule on the constitutionality of laws
e. both b and c

Answer 1

The "necessary and proper" clause relates to the implied powers of Congress and grants it the authority to enact laws that are necessary to execute its constitutional duties, which includes both the implied powers and the power to do what is necessary to carry out its enumerated powers.

Step-by-step explanation:

The "necessary and proper" clause in Article I, Sec. 8 of the U.S. Constitution refers to the implied powers of Congress. This clause, often known as the elastic clause, allows Congress to enact laws which are needed to execute its enumerated duties effectively. While enumerated powers are those specifically listed in the Constitution, the necessary and proper clause provides the legal basis for Congress to act on matters that are not expressly stipulated but are essential for carrying out its constitutional responsibilities. Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is e. both b and c: the clause does refer to the implied powers of Congress and the idea that Congress has the power to do what is necessary and proper to carry out its enumerated powers.