Final answer:
For a victim with no normal breathing and no pulse, administer CPR immediately after ensuring the victim is on stable ground. Perform chest compressions at a rate of 100 per minute to maintain blood flow. In cases of drowning, begin CPR as soon as the victim is out of the water.
Step-by-step explanation:
If you find a victim with no normal breathing and no pulse, you should immediately begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). CPR is a lifesaving technique that combines chest compressions with artificial respiration if needed to help maintain the circulation of blood and supply of oxygen to the brain. For effective CPR, you have to push on the sternum at a depth of at least 5 cm and at a rate of 100 compressions per minute, which coincides with the tempo of the song "Stayin' Alive" by the Bee Gees. It's crucial to continue CPR until professional medical help arrives or until the victim regains spontaneous circulation. Removing a drowning victim from the water before starting CPR is critical because performing CPR in water is ineffective.
In cases of drowning, particularly in cold water, it's important to begin CPR as soon as the victim is retrieved, as they may still have a chance of survival even after extended periods underwater due to the protective reflexes that can occur. Additionally, when you suspect choking, look for inability to speak, gasping, or blue coloring on the face as signs of airway obstruction, and take immediate action.