Final answer:
An AED can be used on a person who was submerged in water after drying them and moving them to a dry area. It can also be used on someone lying in the snow after clearing and drying their chest. For a patient with a hairy chest, shaving the area where the AED pads will be placed is necessary. CPR is recommended prior to AED use.
Step-by-step explanation:
Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) can be used in various circumstances during a cardiac emergency to provide a life-saving shock. However, there are specific conditions in which the use of an AED needs to be carefully adjusted or may require additional steps.
An AED can be used on a person who was submerged in water if the victim is moved to a dry area and the chest is dried off before AED pads are applied. Additionally, for a person lying in the snow, the chest area should also be cleared of snow and dried before applying the AED. In the event that a person has a hairy chest, it may be necessary to shave the area where the AED pads are to be placed to ensure proper adhesion and conductivity.
It is crucial to follow the AED instructions, which usually include administering CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) before using the defibrillator. CPR can be especially effective if the victim has been in cold water and their airway was protected, giving them a better chance at recovery. However, safety precautions should always be observed to reduce the risk of electrical shock to the rescuer and patient.