Question

"Your unconscious closed head injury patient presents with a widened pulse pressure and bradycardia. Her pupils are sluggish to react, and she is exhibiting abnormal extension posturing. Her signs and symptoms lead you to believe she is experiencing increased intracranial pressure from the injury.

What area of the brain is most likely impacted by the increase in pressure?

A) Medulla
B) Pons
C) Midbrain
D) Cortex"

Answer 1

The midbrain is likely affected in a patient with increased intracranial pressure presenting with bradycardia, abnormal posturing, and sluggish pupil reaction, all of which are indicative of brainstem involvement.

Step-by-step explanation:

The patient with a widened pulse pressure, bradycardia, sluggish pupil reaction, and abnormal extension posturing likely has increased intracranial pressure due to a traumatic brain injury. Considering these symptoms, the part of the brain that is affected is most likely the midbrain, which is part of the brainstem. The midbrain is responsible for controlling pupil reactivity and motor movements, and the presence of abnormal posturing suggests dysfunction in this area.

A hematoma from a blow can exert pressure on the brain, particularly after an injury to the pterion region, where a major artery supplies the skull and the brain coverings. This can eventually increase intracranial pressure if the condition remains untreated.